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70% of COVID-19 Cases Transmitted By Children

View OpEd:  https://www.infectioncontroltoday.com/view/70-covid-19-cases-transmitted-by-children          

References:         
    
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2. Park Y, Choe Y, Park O, et al. Contact Tracing during Coronavirus Disease Outbreak, South Korea, 2020. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2020;26(10):2465-2468. doi:10.3201/eid2610.201315 .   https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/10/20-1315_article 
 
3. Veckorapport om covid-19, vecka 50. Public Health Agency of Sweden. https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/globalassets/statistik-uppfoljning/smittsamma-sjukdomar/veckorapporter-covid-19/2020/veckorapport-covid-19-v50-final.pdf
 
4. Claxton G, Levitt L, Kamal R, et al. How Many Teachers Are at Risk of Serious Illness If Infected with Coronavirus? Kaiser Family Foundation. Jul. 10, 2020. https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/issue-brief/how-many-teachers-are-at-risk-of-serious-illness-if-infected-with-coronavirus/
 
5. Beale, S., Hoskins, S., Byrne, T. et al. Differential Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection by Occupation: Evidence from the Virus Watch prospective cohort study in England and Wales. J Occup Med Toxicol 18, 5 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-023-00371-9
 
6. Edney A. At Least Half a Million U.S. Kids Are Struggling With Long Covid. Bloomberg. May 6, 2022. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2022-05-06/coronavirus-latest-half-a-million-u-s-kids-may-suffer-from-long-covid
 
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8. Osmanov IM, Spiridonova E, Bobkova P, et al. br /> RRisk factors for long covid in previously hospitalised children using the ISARIC Global follow-up protocol: A prospective cohort study. European Respiratory Journal. 2021. https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/early/2021/06/10/13993003.01341-2021
 
9. Sabatino J, Di Chiara C, Di Candia A, Sirico D, Donà D, Fumanelli J, Basso A, Pogacnik P, Cuppini E, Romano LR, Castaldi B, Reffo E, Cerutti A, Biffanti R, Cozzani S, Giaquinto C, Di Salvo G. Mid- and Long-Term Atrio-Ventricular Functional Changes in Children after Recovery from COVID-19. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(1):186. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010186
 
10. Weiss A, Donnachie E, Beyerlein A, Ziegler A, Bonifacio E. Type 1 Diabetes Incidence and Risk in Children With a Diagnosis of COVID-19. JAMA. Published online May 22, 2023. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8674 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2805461 
 
11. For Parents: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19. CDC. Jan. 3, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/mis/mis-c.html
 
12. Current weekly report on RS virus. Swedish Public Health Agency. May 26, 2023. https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/folkhalsorapportering-statistik/statistik-a-o/sjukdomsstatistik/rsv-veckorapporter/aktuell-veckorapport-om-rsv/
 
13. Sweden’s Pandemic Experiment. Edited BySigurd Bergmann ORCID Icon, Martin Lindström. Dec. 18, 2022. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003289364
   
14. Current weekly influenza report. May 26, 2023. Public Health Agency of Sweden. https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/folkhalsorapportering-statistik/statistik-a-o/sjukdomsstatistik/influensa-veckorapporter/aktuell-veckorapport-om-influensa/  

15. Schering S. Battling long COVID: Pediatricians talk strategies, prevention measures for children with lingering symptoms. AAP News. Apr. 1, 2023. https://publications.aap.org/aapnews/news/23776
  
16. Khoo WH, Jackson K, Phetsouphanh C, et al. Tracking the clonal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in children and adults with mild/asymptomatic COVID-19. Clinical Immunology. Jan. 2023. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S152166162200290X
 
17. Studies Show More COVID-19 Cases in Areas Without School Masking Policies. CDC Newsroom. Sep. 24, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/p0924-school-masking.html
 
18. Jehn M, McCullough JM, Dale AP, et al. Association Between K–12 School Mask Policies and School-Associated COVID-19 Outbreaks — Maricopa and Pima Counties, Arizona, July–August 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:1372–1373. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7039e1 
 
19. Budzyn SE, Panaggio MJ, Parks SE, et al. Pediatric COVID-19 Cases in Counties With and Without School Mask Requirements — United States, July 1–September 4, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:1377–1378. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7039e3
 
20. Cowger TL, Murray EJ, Clarke J, et al. Lifting Universal Masking in Schools — Covid-19 Incidence among Students and Staff. NEJM. Nov. 24, 2022. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2211029
 
21. Delahoy MJ, Ujamaa D, Whitaker M, et al. Hospitalizations Associated with COVID-19 Among Children and Adolescents — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1, 2020–August 14, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:1255–1260. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7036e2    https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7036e2.htm
 
22. Banholzer N, Zurcher K, Jent P, et al. SARS-CoV-2 transmission with and without mask wearing or air cleaners in schools in Switzerland: A modeling study of epidemiological, environmental, and molecular data. PLOS Medicine. May 18, 2023. https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1004226
 
23. Justin Lessler et al. ,Household COVID-19 risk and in-person schooling.Science372,1092-1097(2021).DOI:10.1126/science.abh2939 https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abh2939
 
24. Upper-Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI). CDC. Apr. 9, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/ventilation/UVGI.html  
      

 
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